堆栈处理器汇编器的设计与实现-《计算机技术与发展》

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: ZHAO Xiao-dong1 ; SHI Hui-bin2; 1. 94860 PLA Troops,Nanjing 210000,China;
2.Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210006,China

摘要:: 堆栈处理器由于其快速的中断处理能力、极强的过程调用能力、代码尺寸小等优点,一直应用于工业控制和航空航天领域中。自堆栈处理器诞生以来,ALGOL、FORTH 这两种语言一直作为堆栈处理器的栈操作语言,并且成为区分第一代和第二代堆栈处理器的一条重要标准。尽管这两种语言在堆栈处理器领域应用广泛,但缺乏通用性。 C 语言是传统的高级程序设计语言,其底层操作能力和通用性不言而喻。文中针对一款基于 FPGA 设计的 16 位堆栈处理器,设计并实现了一个汇编器。该处理器包含两个堆栈:执行数学表达式的数据堆栈和支持子程序调用的返回堆栈,其指令集含 35 条堆栈指令。汇编器可以将汇编代码转换成能够直接在 ModelSim 下仿真的内存文件。论文详细给出了汇编器的设计方法。最后简单做了一个测试验证汇编器的正确性。

Abstract:: Stack processor,because of its fast interrupt handling,low procedure call overheads and small instruction format,is used in the field of indusry control and aerospace. ALGOL and FORTH have been the stack operating language of the stack processor,respectively respecting the first - generation stack computer language and the second - generaion stack computer language, to distinguish these two generation stack computer language. Both of these languages are widely used in the stack processor, while lacking is generality. Clanguage is a traditional high level programming language,with good underlying operating capacity and generality. We introduce an assembler for 16-bit stack processor. The stack processor has two stacks:a data stack for evaluating mathematical expression and a return stack for calling subroutine. The instruction set includes 35 stack instructions. Assembly code can be assembled to memory file which can be used by Model Sim directly. We describe the design method to construct an assembler. Finally, we do a simple test to verify the correctness of the assembler.